Treatment adherence and clinical outcomes among patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.68041/jbpt.v2i2/08Keywords:
Chronic kidney disease, treatment adherence, clinical outcomes, eGFR, quality of life, renal function, medication complianceAbstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a slowly developing condition with high burden of morbidity, mortality and healthcare utilization globally. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of CKD treatment adherence and its relationship with clinical outcomes. Methods: This was a cross sectional analysis study which included 180 patients with CKD who were seen in nephrology outpatient clinics. The non-probability technique of convenience sampling was applied in selecting the participants. A structured questionnaire was used to gather information on socio-demographic data, treatment adherence behaviors, barriers to treatment adherence, and patterns of healthcare utilization (SPSS version 24.0, p < 0.05). Results: In total, 180 patients participated, 36.7% of which were good adherence, 41.1% were moderate adherence and 22.2% were poor adherence. The patients with good adherence had significantly higher renal function (eGFR: 45.9 ± 16.3 mL/min/1.73m²) and lower serum creatinine level (2.8 ± 1.2 mg/dL) than those with poor adherence, as well as fewer hospitalizations and higher quality of life scores (p < 0.001). Adherence was significantly positively correlated with eGFR (r = 0.61, p < 0.001) and quality of life (r = 0.58, p < 0.001), and negatively correlated with serum creatinine (r = −0.55, p < 0.001) and hospitalization frequency (r = −0.49, p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed adherence score as the most important factor for eGFR (β = 0.46, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Adherence to treatment is an important factor to consider when evaluating clinical outcomes of CKD patients.
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